Here, kitty kitty?

When we offered a program on mountain lions a couple of weekends ago at the Audubon Center in Sharon, we knew it would be popular, but we had no idea how popular.  The exhibit room at the center was full and we had to turn away almost 75 people.  

The big question of the day: Are there native populations of mountain lions in New England?  According to our speaker, the answer is yes.  

Bill Betty is a Rhode Island native who studies these creatures and has recorded more than a dozen sightings in the last 35 years.

He feels, as do others, that there is overwhelming evidence to suggest that there is a viable population of these elusive cats in the northeast.  

I am still currently a disbeliever but  I’ll talk more about that later in this column. First, a little about the animals themselves.

Mountain lions have more common names than almost any other animal. Among other tags, they are called cougars, pumas, painters, panthers and catamounts. All these animals are part of one species: puma concolor.

It was a top predator in northeastern forests, along with the wolf, until its populations were wiped out in the eastern U.S. and Canada in the early 1900s. Deforestation, bounties and deer herd reductions were the main cause of their decline.  

Though recent DNA studies suggest that all North American cougars are of the same race, there are currently two recognized subspecies in the eastern U.S.: the eastern cougar (puma concolor couguar) and the Florida panther (puma concolor coryi).  

Both are listed as federally endangered and are protected by law. Cougars west of the Mississippi are afforded no such protection because of their population numbers.

Mountain lions have made remarkable adaptations. With their binocular vision and extraordinary depth perception, they can hunt day and night. Their cup-shaped round ears can move together or independently of one another to detect sounds. They can jump 15 feet vertically and up to 40 feet horizontally.  

With four toes on their rear feet, and larger front feet with the addition of a fifth toe or dewclaw, mountain lions can easily swim and climb trees.  

The back of their nasal cavity is densely packed with olfactory cells for a heightened sense of smell, and they have powerful jaws and strong teeth.

After killing their prey, they drag it out of sight and cover it with leaves, grass or twigs. They prefer deer but will eat other mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and occasionally even insects. They rarely eat carrion.  

They can be found in all habitats except tundra, where there is no available cover to ambush prey.

But are they here?

Now, do I think people have seen mountain lions in the northeast and here in northwest Connecticut? Yes.  

Over the years, though not officially confirmed, I do believe there have been a few reliable sightings of mountain lions.  

However, I remain convinced that the majority of mountain lion sightings are a case of mistaken identity: bobcats, coyotes, deer and even housecats.  

We get many calls about sightings at the Audubon Center, and we get pictures as well.  Under closer investigation each picture is either of such poor quality that the animal can’t be identified; or ultimately, it is identified as a bobcat, coyote, deer or housecat.  

I think the sightings of actual mountain lions are released or escaped pets or their offspring. Screams that sound like a baby wailing or woman being murdered — which are often identified as the sounds of mountain lions — are more likely to be sounds made by other animals such as fox, raccoon and bobcat.

Is it possible that wild individuals or even wild populations of mountain lions might establish in the northeast? Perhaps someday.  Western populations appear to be moving east, and we have forest cover and an ample deer herd.  

However, the closest confirmed natural populations are in South Dakota and Florida, with scattered confirmed sightings of native individuals east to Iowa and Missouri.  

I don’t think we have to worry about mountain lion populations here anytime soon.  

However, this is only my opinion and my interest in this subject has been piqued. Have you seen the elusive mountain lion? Let me know.

 Scott Heth is the director of Audubon Sharon and can be reached at sheth@audubon.org, (subject line: Nature Notes).

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