Strange, But Untrue

On Tuesday morning, Aug. 28, mother nature will provide the final answer to a question raised by a lot of star gazers these days: Will we see two moons in the sky next week?

   Eager anticipation of “two moonsâ€� has been generated by a number of recent articles and e-mails that have been blazing trails around the Web — particularly among astrology communities.  The e-mails forecast a “once-in-a-lifetimeâ€� close approach of the planet Mars. According to the forecast, Mars will be so unusually close to Earth, and so nicely positioned relative to the sun, that it will look as big as our moon. If you look up at the right time, concludes the argument, you will enjoy a moment previously available only to Luke Skywalker: During the beginning of 1973’s “Star Warsâ€� film, Luke contemplated the meaning of a mundane farm life while two suns set in the background of his home planet Tatooine.   

   The rumor’s logic itself is not outlandish.  Mars’ distance from Earth varies significantly.  When Mars is slightly closer, it does appear slightly larger.  If Mars happens to be on Earth’s “night-sideâ€� (opposite from the sun) during a close approach, it can look unusually large and bright. The orbit of Mars is, moreover, quite predictable.  

   BUT: This is where the “two moonâ€� prophecy runs into serious trouble.  Mars will not even come close to close enough for the presentation of such a prodigious disc.  It never has.  The disappointing reality is that the “two moonâ€� e-mails have been recycled and re-circulated every mid-summer since 2003.  Back then, Mars’ proximity was indeed record-setting.  It was quite gratifying to see in a telescope, but Mars, even that summer, struck the naked eye as a nice, bright, orange-hued star.      

   Mars is approximately twice as large as our moon.  In order for it to appear as large as our moon, therefore, it would have to sit no more than twice as far away.  Currently, Mars is approximately 116 million miles away, while the moon is only 226 thousand miles.  So Mars is more than 500 times farther from us than the moon.  Monday night’s full moon, alas, will definitely fly solo.  

   Nonetheless, if you watch the full moon setting in the west at around 4:45 a.m., Tuesday, Aug. 28, you will certainly see something impressive.  The moon will be directly on the Earth’s night side (hence, “fullâ€�); more remarkably, it will gradually fall smack onto the Earth-sun line and into Earth’s shadow: It will undergo a total eclipse.  Instead of two moons, we will experience the vanishing of one.  

   Total lunar eclipses hardly occur every month, because the moon is usually somewhat above or below the Earth-sun line. To watch a shadow creep over and eventually cloak the entire moon is sublime.  From our New England longitudes, however, this will all be occurring both while the moon sets and while, in the east — following the rising of a star-sized Mars — the sun rises (each at approx. 6:15 a.m.).  So you will want a really flat landscape and a strong cup of coffee to catch the act before the occulted moon drops below a brightening horizon.  

   My pot is brewing.   

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